Once startup tasks are complete, the bot is ready to begin waiting for user commands.

Each command is bound to a "listener" which lets it know when a user is attempting to execute it.

Due to the large volume of commands and listeners, it would be a terrible idea to have them all in one script. This is where modules come in, also known as Cogs.

A Cog is a class that groups related commands and event listeners together. For example, one Cog might handle moderation commands and another may handle minigame commands.

Each Cog is usually placed in its own python file, this way different parts of the bot’s functionality are separated into clear, manageable modules.

June has 4 of these cogs: admin, utility, games, collections


Safety Measures:

1) Every command has a user-specific cooldown to allow for optimal memory usage. This prevents any attempts at a denial-of-service by spamming the same command over and over.

2) Changing June's server behavior requires that the user has moderation permissions in that same server.

@client.event
async def on_command_error(ctx, error): # Tracks problems.

    userCooldown = isinstance(error, commands.CommandOnCooldown)
  
    if userCooldown: # A user is still on cooldown.
        response = f'Please wait {error.retry_after} seconds before using this command again.'
            await ctx.reply(response)
    else: # A command failed to run.
        raise error

def load_all_cogs(): # Loads all modules.
  for root, dirs, files in os.walk('cogs'):
      dirName = os.path.basename(root)
      for fileName in files:
          if fileName.endswith('.py'):
              client.load_extension(f'cogs.{dirName}.{fileName[:-3]}')